Which item is a psychological risk factor for sexual violence?

• A. substance abuse
• B. low self esteem
• C. poor coping skills
• D. immaturity

Answer: (B)

Psychological risk factors are internal mental and emotional patterns that can contribute to someone engaging in sexually violent behavior. Low self-esteem fits this well because it reflects an internal insecurity and sense of inadequacy that can drive someone to seek power, control, or validation through coercive acts. This internal dynamic can shape attitudes and behaviors in ways that increase the risk of sexual violence.

Substance use, while a risk factor, operates more through disinhibition and external behavior rather than an internal belief system. Poor coping skills are indeed psychological, but they are broader and less specific to the mindset that promotes coercive sexual acts. Immaturity is developmental, not a current psychological pattern.