A patient reports anxiety, depression, and nightmares after being sexually assaulted. Which response should the nurse give first?

• A. You must have imagined it.
• B. What you are experiencing must be frightening. These symptoms are shared by many who have been sexually assaulted.
• C. You must have caused this yourself.
• D. You should try to stay calm and go back to sleep.

Answer: (B)

Validation and normalization of trauma responses is crucial when supporting someone who has experienced sexual assault. A response that acknowledges the patient’s fear and explains that these symptoms are common after such an experience demonstrates empathy and reduces isolation and self-blame. It communicates that their reactions are understood and expected, which helps the patient feel seen and safe enough to continue sharing and seeking help. This approach aligns with trauma-informed care, emphasizing safety, autonomy, and support, and it lays the groundwork for assessing immediate needs and discussing treatment options. In contrast, responses that doubt, blame, minimize, or instruct the patient to calm down or go back to sleep undermine safety and can retraumatize the survivor. By first validating the patient’s experience, the nurse helps the patient feel respected and supported, which is essential for moving forward with care.